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Fail-safe adaptive structures

Methods and technologies for fail-safe elements and frameworks of adaptive load-bearing structures

Research project

(Project B03 of the Collaborative research center SFB 1244)

Overview

Reliability of adaptive structures
Analysis of redundancies
Failure detection

Reliability of adaptive structures

The reliability of a structure is a measure for its safety. In adaptive structures, there‘s more components to be considered for the assessment of reliability than just the passive parts. In these structures, actuators, sensors, and the control play important roles - which result in additional risks, other failure modes, and new dependencies. All of these have to be identified and analyzed, and they have to be considered in the reliability assessment. To obtain sustainability in construction, it is of high significance that adaptive structures are being designed in a reliability- and safety-oriented way. The better the operational load-cases are known beforehand, the better the design of the structure can meet the requirements of reliability.

The partial or complete failure of the actuator, sensor, or control system plays a decisive role for reliability in the context of adaptive structures in civil engineering. From this, the central questions of this subproject are derived. This involves the analysis of redundancies in structural topologies, the detection of failure cases, as well as the lifetime monitoring for the compliance with the ultimate limit state and the serviceability. In order to ensure structural safety in the event of the failure of actuators, sensors and control systems, it is investigated how current standards in civil engineering are applicable to adaptive structures or how they have to be extended.

Analysis of redundancies

Furthermore, the aim of this subproject is to investigate how redundancies in the structural topology can be utilized for reliability analysis. In order to ensure structural safety and serviceability in case of failure in the adaptive components, it will be investigated to what extent the analysis of redundancies in the system can be applied to the evaluation of failure cases, as well as to the design of the structure. The challenge hereby lies in deducing the influence of the topology of the structure and the location of the actuators on reliability. In addition, it will be explored how adaptive structures have to be designed to withstand actuator failure and if they can be moved into a safe state by means of stored passive energy or intentional additional dissipation.

Failure detection

The detection and isolation of failure modes in actuators, sensors, and structure are fundamental to ensure safety and serviceability by appropriate measures. It has been shown that the number and placement of sensors has a significant impact on the detectability and differentiability of failure cases. Therefore, quality measures and methods for actuator and sensor placement are being developed to ensure a high failure tolerance, as well as a good detectability and differentiability of failure cases for the subsequent failure diagnosis.

Project data

Project title:
Teilprojekt B03 - Methoden und Technologien für ausfallsichere adaptive Tragwerke
project webpage
Funding:
German Research Foundation (DFG), Collaborative Research Centre SFB 1244 "Adaptive Hüllen und Strukturen für die gebaute Umwelt von morgen", GEPRIS project number 324667137
Project partners:
Institute of Machine Components (IMA), University of Stuttgart
Institute for System Dynamics (ISYS), University of Stuttgart

Publications

Prokosch, T., Stiefelmaier, J., Tarìn, C., & Bischoff, M. (2023). Detection and identification of structural failure using the redundancy matrix. X ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, SMART 2023, Patras, Greece. https://doi.org/10.7712/150123.9827.444431
- Abstract
- BibTeX
Abstract
Structural failure in civil engineering can have catastrophic consequences such as property damage, economic losses and even loss of life. Therefore, early detection and identification are crucial. In addition to that, new technologies like adaptive structures demand for high safety as a prerequisite to gain acceptance. This contributio investigates the feasibility of using the redundancy matrix as a tool for detecting and identifying structural failure in adaptive structures via residual generation. Results provide prerequisites for detectability and suggest methodologies for the detection of structural failure by means of the redundancy matrix.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{prokosch2023detection, abstract = {Structural failure in civil engineering can have catastrophic consequences such as property damage, economic losses and even loss of life. Therefore, early detection and identification are crucial. In addition to that, new technologies like adaptive structures demand for high safety as a prerequisite to gain acceptance. This contributio investigates the feasibility of using the redundancy matrix as a tool for detecting and identifying structural failure in adaptive structures via residual generation. Results provide prerequisites for detectability and suggest methodologies for the detection of structural failure by means of the redundancy matrix.}, author = {Prokosch, Tamara and Stiefelmaier, Jonas and Tarìn, Christina and Bischoff, Manfred}, booktitle = {X ECCOMAS Thematic Conference on Smart Structures and Materials, SMART 2023, Patras, Greece}, doi = {10.7712/150123.9827.444431}, title = {Detection and identification of structural failure using the redundancy matrix}, year = 2023 }
Geiger, F., Gade, J., von Scheven, M., & Bischoff, M. (2020). Anwendung der Redundanzmatrix bei der Bewertung adaptiver Strukturen. Manfred Bischoff, Malte von Scheven, Bastian Oesterle (Hrsg.) Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik – Baupraxis 14, 23. und 24. März 2020, Universität Stuttgart, 119–128. https://doi.org/10.18419/opus-10762
- Abstract
- BibTeX
Abstract
Die Antwort einer Struktur auf Aktuierung wird maßgeblich vom Grad der statischen Unbestimmtheit und deren Verteilung in der Struktur beeinflusst. Die Redundanzmatrix enthält diese Informationen über das Tragwerk. Aus ihr können daher Rückschlüsse für die Aktorplatzierung und für die Bewertung der Aktuierbarkeit von Strukturen gezogen werden. Die Untersuchung eines Beispieltragwerks veranschaulicht einerseits die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Redundanzmatrix und andererseits das Masseneinsparungspotential, das mithilfe des Einsatzes aktiver Elemente in passiven Strukturen erschlossen werden kann.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{geiger2020anwendung, abstract = {Die Antwort einer Struktur auf Aktuierung wird maßgeblich vom Grad der statischen Unbestimmtheit und deren Verteilung in der Struktur beeinflusst. Die Redundanzmatrix enthält diese Informationen über das Tragwerk. Aus ihr können daher Rückschlüsse für die Aktorplatzierung und für die Bewertung der Aktuierbarkeit von Strukturen gezogen werden. Die Untersuchung eines Beispieltragwerks veranschaulicht einerseits die Einsatzmöglichkeiten der Redundanzmatrix und andererseits das Masseneinsparungspotential, das mithilfe des Einsatzes aktiver Elemente in passiven Strukturen erschlossen werden kann.}, author = {Geiger, Florian and Gade, Jan and {von Scheven}, Malte and Bischoff, Manfred}, booktitle = {Manfred Bischoff, Malte von Scheven, Bastian Oesterle (Hrsg.) Berichte der Fachtagung Baustatik – Baupraxis 14, 23. und 24. März 2020, Universität Stuttgart}, doi = {10.18419/opus-10762}, pages = {119-128}, title = {Anwendung der Redundanzmatrix bei der Bewertung adaptiver Strukturen}, year = 2020 }
Geiger, F., Gade, J., von Scheven, M., & Bischoff, M. (2020). Optimal Design of Adaptive Structures vs. Optimal Adaption of Structural Design. IFAC-PapersOnLine, 53(2), 8363--8369. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.1604
- Abstract
- BibTeX
Abstract
Taking advantage of adaptivity in the field of civil engineering is an ongoing research topic. Integration of adaptive elements in the load-bearing structure is already well established in many other engineering fields. First investigations promise large material saving potentials also in the field of civil engineering, especially when it comes to high-rise buildings or wide spanned structures like roofs or bridges. In times of emission problems and shortage of materials, the potentials of adaptive civil structures open various new possibilities. In the design and optimization process of adaptive civil structures, we address the differences between classical approaches for passive systems and new practices considering adaptivity. By using a suitable actuator placement, it is possible to manipulate the displacements of the structure as well as the force distribution within the structure. Both material and energy savings can be accomplished with an integrated design of the adaptive structure taking into account the actuation, suitable combination of structural design and actuator placement. For demonstration of the differences in the design process and in the resulting optimized structure, we use a small case study on a truss structure, which is inspired by a high-rise building, and consider static loads.
BibTeX
@inproceedings{geiger2020optimal, abstract = {Taking advantage of adaptivity in the field of civil engineering is an ongoing research topic. Integration of adaptive elements in the load-bearing structure is already well established in many other engineering fields. First investigations promise large material saving potentials also in the field of civil engineering, especially when it comes to high-rise buildings or wide spanned structures like roofs or bridges. In times of emission problems and shortage of materials, the potentials of adaptive civil structures open various new possibilities. In the design and optimization process of adaptive civil structures, we address the differences between classical approaches for passive systems and new practices considering adaptivity. By using a suitable actuator placement, it is possible to manipulate the displacements of the structure as well as the force distribution within the structure. Both material and energy savings can be accomplished with an integrated design of the adaptive structure taking into account the actuation, suitable combination of structural design and actuator placement. For demonstration of the differences in the design process and in the resulting optimized structure, we use a small case study on a truss structure, which is inspired by a high-rise building, and consider static loads.}, author = {Geiger, Florian and Gade, Jan and von Scheven, Malte and Bischoff, Manfred}, doi = {10.1016/j.ifacol.2020.12.1604}, journal = {{IFAC}-{PapersOnLine}}, number = 2, pages = {8363--8369}, publisher = {IFAC World Congress 2020, 11.-17.07.2020, Berlin, Germany}, title = {Optimal Design of Adaptive Structures vs. Optimal Adaption of Structural Design}, volume = 53, year = 2020 }
Wagner, J. L., Gade, J., Heidingsfeld, M., Geiger, F., von Scheven, M., Böhm, M., Bischoff, M., & Sawodny, O. (2018). On steady-state disturbance compensability for actuator placement in adaptive structures. at – Automatisierungstechnik, 66, 591–603. https://doi.org/10.1515/auto-2017-0099
- Abstract
- BibTeX
Abstract
Adaptive structures in civil engineering are mechanical structures with the ability to modify their response to external loads. Actuators strongly affect a structure’s adaptivity and have to be placed thoughtfully in the design process to effectively compensate external loads. For constant loads, this property is introduced as steadystate disturbance compensability. This property can be linked to concepts from structural engineering such as redundancy or statical indeterminacy, thus representing an interdisciplinary approach. Based on the disturbance compensability matrix, a scalar performance metric is derived as quantitative measure of a structure’s ability to compensate the output error for arbitrary constant disturbances with a given set of actuators. By minimizing this metric, an actuator configuration is determined. The concept is applied to an example of a truss structure.
BibTeX
@article{wagner2018steadystate, abstract = {Adaptive structures in civil engineering are mechanical structures with the ability to modify their response to external loads. Actuators strongly affect a structure’s adaptivity and have to be placed thoughtfully in the design process to effectively compensate external loads. For constant loads, this property is introduced as steadystate disturbance compensability. This property can be linked to concepts from structural engineering such as redundancy or statical indeterminacy, thus representing an interdisciplinary approach. Based on the disturbance compensability matrix, a scalar performance metric is derived as quantitative measure of a structure’s ability to compensate the output error for arbitrary constant disturbances with a given set of actuators. By minimizing this metric, an actuator configuration is determined. The concept is applied to an example of a truss structure.}, author = {Wagner, Julia Laura and Gade, Jan and Heidingsfeld, Michael and Geiger, Florian and {von Scheven}, Malte and Böhm, Michael and Bischoff, Manfred and Sawodny, Oliver}, doi = {10.1515/auto-2017-0099}, journal = {at – Automatisierungstechnik}, pages = {591–603}, title = {On steady-state disturbance compensability for actuator placement in adaptive structures}, volume = { 66}, year = 2018 }

Researcher:

Methods and technologies for fail-safe elements and frameworks of adaptive load-bearing structures

Overview

Reliability of adaptive structures

Analysis of redundancies

Failure detection

Project data

Publications

Abstract

BibTeX

Abstract

BibTeX

Abstract

BibTeX

Abstract

BibTeX

Researcher:

Tamara Prokosch

Malte von Scheven

Audience

Formalities

Services

Organization

Methods and technologies for fail-safe elements and frameworks of adaptive load-bearing structures

Overview

Reliability of adaptive structures

Analysis of redundancies

Failure detection

Project data

Publications

Abstract

BibTeX

Abstract

BibTeX

Abstract

BibTeX

Abstract

BibTeX

Researcher:

Tamara Prokosch

Malte von Scheven

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Formalities

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